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SubjectFree lesson

COMPREHENSION

ClassNotes Team 6 MIN READUPDATED 5 JUL 2026

ENGLISH LANGUAGE S.S.S2 THIRD TERM

WEEK TWO

THEME: SPEECH

COMPREHENSION

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE

Students should be able to;

  1. Read the passage carefully
  2. Answer questions from passage

CONTENT

Butterflies

Butterflies belong to a huge order of insects called Lepidoptera. Lepidoptera means 'scaly wings'. Their wings are covered by thousands of tiny scales. They live in all kinds of climates and temperatures. Some of the most beautifully coloured ones live in tropical rainforests. There the climate is hot and humid and there are many flowering plants for food.

Butterflies help the environment in two ways. They are pollinators of flowers. That means they carry pollen from flower to flower so that they can reproduce. They also provide meals for frogs, bats, birds and lizards.

Butterflies go through four stages of life. In each stage, they look different and each has a purpose. The length of time from egg to adult can range from a few weeks to a few years. The length depends on the type of butterfly. The female deposits the egg. The egg hatches and becomes a caterpillar. The butterfly caterpillar eats constantly and grinds its food with huge jaws. The caterpillar sheds its skin several times as it grows. The caterpillar then attaches itself to a branch by spinning a line of silk. Within twenty-four hours the caterpillar sheds its skin for the last time.

A pupa or chrysalis forms. Inside the butterfly chrysalis, the adult parts of a butterfly are being formed. The chrysalis is usually green to blend in with plant life. The pupa or chrysalis case cracks open and an adult butterfly comes out. The butterfly dumps waste from its body and pumps blood into its wings. After about an hour it can fly.

Butterflies have three main body parts. The head contains the eyes, proboscis and the antennae. Their eyes don't see as we do, even though they can see in all directions. They can only see colours and motion. A proboscis is like a long tongue. Butterflies can use it to drink nectar from a flower. They can also use it to suck sap from leaves and stems. Butterflies use their antennae to smell.

The middle section of the butterfly is the thorax. Three pairs of jointed legs and two pairs of wings are attached to this part of the body. A butterfly's scales can be seen best on its wings. A brown powder will rub off the wing if touched. These will be scales. The colours and patterns on a butterfly's wings protect them from predators. Camouflage is the most common pattern.

The third section of a butterfly's body is the abdomen. It is soft and contains ten sections. It also holds a simple heart, reproductive organs, breathing spores and the digestive and excretory systems.

Males and females often look alike. Male butterflies search for mates with the correct colour and pattern on their wings when they are ready to mate. After mating, a female flies off to look for a suitable plant for her eggs. The colour and shape of the leaves help her make her decision. Some butterflies lay clusters of eggs and some just one.

In summary, butterflies are insects and belong to the order Lepidoptera. This word means 'scaly wings'. They are covered by thousands of tiny scales. Butterflies live in all climates and temperatures. However, the most colourful live in hot tropical climates. Many flower producing plants are available for food in those regions.

Questions

  1. Lepidoptera means which of the following?

A: Leopard-colored

B: Scaly wings

C: Droopy wings

D: Striped

  1. Which of the following is one-way butterflies help the environment?

A: They eat ants.

B: They are food for other small animals.

C: They drive spiders away.

D: They spread poison on weeds.

  1. Which of the following is the main job of a butterfly caterpillar?

A: To become green

B: To crawl into its burrow

C: To eat and grow fat

D: To frighten predators away

  1. How are a butterfly's eyes different from a human's?

A: They have no colour.

B: They can only see down.

C: They are purple.

D: They can only see motion and colours.

  1. Which of the following part of the body is where the wings are attached?

A: Thorax

B: Abdomen

C: Proboscis

D: Tail

  1. Which of the following helps a female butterfly decide where to deposit her eggs?

A: The shape and colour of the leaves

B: How close the spot is to the ground

C: How hidden a spot it is

D: All of the above

THEME: SPEECH WORK

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE

Students should have been able to;

  1. Listen to live broadcasts from radios and TVs
  2. Jot down main ideas from broadcasts

THEME: VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT

WORDS ASSOCIATED WITH COMMERCE

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE

Students should be able to;

  1. Explain commerce
  2. List and mention words associated with commerce

CONTENT

Words related to commerce

  • business:: a usually commercial or mercantile activity engaged in as a means of livelihood: trade, line in the restaurant business
  • marketplace:: an open square or place in a town where markets or public sales are held
  • trade:: the business of buying and selling or bartering commodities: commerce
  • traffic:: the vehicles, pedestrians, ships, or planes moving along a route
  • free trade:: trade based on the unrestricted international exchange of goods with tariffs used only as a source of revenue
  • black market:: to buy or sell goods in the black market
  • grey market:: a market employing irregular but not illegal methods
  • dealings:: method of business: manner of conduct
  • horse-trading:: negotiation accompanied by shrewd bargaining and reciprocal concessions a political horse trade
  • e-tail:: retail business conducted online via the World Wide Web
  • merchandising:: sales promotion as a comprehensive function including market research, development of new products, coordination of manufacture and marketing, and effective advertising and selling
  • retailing:: the activities involved in the selling of goods to ultimate consumers for personal or household consumption
  • wholesaling:: the sale of commodities in quantity usually for resale (as by a retail merchant)
  • bartering:: to trade by exchanging one commodity for another: to trade goods or services in exchange for other goods or services farmers bartering for supplies with their crops bartered with the store’s owner
  • interrelationship:: to bring into mutual relation
  • cross-fertilization:: fertilization in which the gametes are produced by separate individuals or sometimes by individuals of different kinds
  • cross-pollination:: the transfer of pollen from one flower to the stigma of another
  • companionship:: the fellowship existing among companions: company
  • company:: association with another: fellowship enjoy a person’s company