WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES STRESSED ON THE 1st OR 2nd SYLLABLE

ENGLISH LANGUAGE S.S.S1 SECOND TERM

WEEK TWO

THEME: SPEECH

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES STRESSED ON THE 1st OR 2nd SYLLABLE

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE

Students should be able to;

1. Identify words of three syllables
2. Identify words stressed on the first or second syllables.

CONTENT

3 syllable words in English can have the main stress on any syllable:

• FIRST SYLLABLE: carnival /ˈkɑːnɪvᵊl/
• SECOND SYLLABLE: delicious /dɪˈlɪʃəs/
• THIRD SYLLABLE: engineer /ɛndʒɪˈnɪə/

It is not possible to tell from looking at a 3 syllable word, where the main stress will be. Examples of words with each stress pattern are:

First Syllable Stress

• octopus /ˈɒktəpəs/
• parliament /ˈpɑːləmənt/
• somebody /ˈsʌmbədi/
• following /ˈfɒləʊɪŋ/

Second Syllable Stress

• collision /kəˈlɪʒ(ə)n/
• contagious /kənˈteɪdʒəs/
• perfection /pəˈfɛkʃ(ə)n/
• investor /ɪnˈvɛstə/

Third Syllable Stress

• employee /ɛmplɔɪˈiː/
• understand /ʌndəˈstand/
• Cantonese /kantəˈniːz/
• volunteer /vɒlənˈtɪə/

 

Stress Shift

For words that have the main stress on the third syllable, the stress can shift to the first syllable in connected speech if there is stress directly after it in the sentence:

1. Portuguese

He’s a Portuguese sailor.

2. Volunteer

We need more volunteer vets.

Words with three syllables

Fantastic, energy, expensive, wonderful, laughable, badminton, idiot, celery, beautiful, aggression, computer, journalist, horrify, gravity, temptation, dieting, trampoline, industry, distinguished, however, tremendous, justify, inflation, creation, injustice, energise, glittering, tangible, mentalise, laughable, dialect, crustacean, origin

Three syllable words stress patterns:

Fantastic, energy, expensive, aggression, wonderful, laughable, badminton, celery, temptation, trampoline,  industry, dintinguished, however, tremendous, library

 

 

THEME: VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT

WORDS ASSOCIATED WITH RELIGION - ISLAM

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE

Students should be able to;

1. Identify words associated with Islam
2. Use these words in making contextual sentences

CONTENT

Basic Vocabulary about Muslims and their Faith

Listed here are some general terms that are commonly used or referred to by Muslims. Some of them will be elaborated in more detail in the other curriculums.

1. Abrahamic religion: The three religions–Judaism, Christianity and Islam–which are all believed to originate from God and were conveyed through all the messengers from the time of Adam to the prophet Muhammad, including the prophet Abraham (Ibrahim in Arabic).
2. Adhan: The call to prayer which is said in Arabic at the start of the prayer time interval.
3. Allah: The Arabic term for “God.”
4. As-salaam Alaikum: A common greeting used by Muslims around the world which means “peace be upon you” in Arabic. The response is Wa-Alaikum as-salaam, “may peace be upon you too.”
5. Ayah (pl. Ayat): A verse in the Qur’an. Each surah or chapter varies in the number of ayat or verses that it has. The shortest chapter has 3 ayat and the longest has 286. There are over 6,000 ayat or verses in the Qur’an.
6. Eid ul Fitr: Celebration at the end of the month of Ramadan to commemorate the conclusion of the month of fasting. It begins with a special congregational prayer and sermon. Children receive new clothes and gifts, and many communities hold celebrations with carnivals and other fun activities for kids.
7. Eid ul-Adha: Celebration at the end of Hajj to commemorate the lives and examples of the prophets Abraham and Ishmael and those who have performed the ritual that year. It begins with a special congregational prayer and sermon. Many communities also hold celebrations with carnivals and other fun activities for kids.
8. Five pillars of Islam: 5 central practices of Muslims to help establish a spiritual relationship with God. They are: shahada or profession of faith; salat or five daily prayers; zakat, or mandatory donation; sawm or fasting in Ramadan; and hajj or pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime if one is able.
9. Hadith: Sayings or actions of the Prophet Muhammad that were recorded by his companions and later collected and preserved for later generations. They help to elaborate on certain teachings, beliefs, and verses in the Qur’an.
10. Hijab: Headscarf worn by Muslim women for modesty.
11. Ihsan: Arabic term which means moral excellence, both in one’s relationship with God and in one’s everyday actions.
12. Imam: The leader of congregational prayer, or a religious leader.
13. Islam: The proper name of the religion which, like the word Muslim, comes from the root s-l-m, which means “peace.” Islam is commonly translated as “peace through following God’s Guidance.”
14. Ka’bah: Building in Mecca that is believed to be the first house of worship to God, which Muslims believe was built by the Prophet Abraham and his son Prophet Ishmael. Muslims face the Ka’bah when they pray. The building is cubical in shape and usually covered with a black cloth for protection.
15. Masjid: The Arabic word for “mosque,” the house of worship where Muslims gather for communal prayers. Masjid literally means “place of prostration.” Masjids in the U.S. generally also serve as community centers to serve a variety of needs of the community.
16. Monotheism: The belief in one God.
17. Muhammad: The final prophet to whom Muslims believe God revealed the Qur’an.
18. Muslim: A person who follows the religion of Islam. It sounds similar to the word Islam. This is because both of the words come from the same root s-l-m which means peace. A Muslim is someone who practices Islam.
19. Prophet: A person Muslims believe was chosen by God to teach two core messages: 1) God alone should be worshiped; and 2) people should strive to live ethically by treating others as they wish to be treated (The Golden Rule.) Adam is considered to be the first prophet and Muhammad is the last, with many others in between, 25 of whom are mentioned by name in the Qur’an, including well-known biblical figures such as Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Ishmael, Moses, David and Jesus.
20. Qur’an: The Holy Book of Islam, which is believed to be the words of God that were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. The word Qur’an literally means “the recitation.”
21. Sunnah: The example or practice of the Prophet Muhammad. Much of what is known about the Sunnah is from the collection of sayings or reports known as hadith, or prophetic traditions.
22. Surah: A chapter of the Qur’an. There are 114 surahs in the Qur’an.

 

THEME: STRUCTURE

INTRODUCTION TO PHRASAL VERBS

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE

Students should be able to;

1. Identify phrasal verbs
2. Make sentences with phrasal verbs

CONTENT

What are Phrasal Verbs?

A phrasal verb is a combination of words (a verb + a preposition or verb +adverb) that when used together, usually take on a different meaning to that of the original verb.

Phrasal Verb Examples

break down, check-in, tear up

When we use phrasal verbs, we use them like normal verbs in a sentence, regardless if it’s a regular or irregular verb.

 

• Ella tore up the letter after she read it.
• Their car broke down two miles out of town.
• Did the manager deal with that customer’s complaint.

More phrasal verb examples:

• Be sure to put on a life jacket before getting into the boat.
• We left out the trash for pickup.
• It’s time to get on the plane.
• What will she think up next?
• I’m having some trouble working out the solution to this equation.
• We’re going to have to put off our vacation until next year.
• Stand up when speaking in class, please.
• We’ll have to wake up early if we want breakfast.
• Take off your shoes before you walk on the carpet.
• My dog likes to break out of his kennel to chase squirrels

 

 

 

THEME: CONTINUOUS WRITING

CREATIVE WRITING

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE

Students should be able to;

1. Identify features of a play
2. Write their own short stories, play etc

CONTENT

Play is a literary form of writing for theatre, which narrates a story with elements of conflicts, tensions, and actions through dialogues of characters. For dramatic significance, it is divided into acts and scenes. The writers present their feelings, emotions, and ideas through their characters and make them speak.

The playwright uses various dramatic elements to create more profound meanings and enhance understanding of the audience. Also, they insert text, apart from the actual dialogues of the characters, to unfold the description of characters on stage, their natural action, and psychological intentions. In this way, the writers make their texts emotive, lifelike and thought-provoking.

Etymologically, ‘play’ is derived from the Greek word ‘Paizo’ which means “to act” or “to perform.”

Elements of Play

A play has certain elements such as,

1. Plot: It refers to the order of the events that occur in the play.
2. Characters: The characters form a crucial part of the story and are interwoven with the plot of the play.
3. Dialogue: It refers to the conversation or interactions between the characters in the play.
4. Setting: It refers to the time and place where a story is set. It is one of the important parts of the play.
5. Conflict: It refers to the challenge main characters need to solve to achieve their goals.
6. Resolution: It is the unfolding or the solution to a complex issue in a story.

Types of Plays

There are many types of plays such as,

1. Tragedy: These types of plays end on a tragic note and most likely a character’s death.
2. Comedy: These types of plays are meant to amuse the audience, and they end on a happy note.
3. Domestic Play: These types of plays are based on the normal life of family and friends.
4. Tragicomedy: It is a fictional work comprises of both tragedy as well as comedy.
5. Melodrama: This type of has often exaggerated characters and episodes with songs and music for an emotive appeal to the audiences.